A Novel P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Stimulus Presentation Paradigm: Moving Beyond Rows and Columns

G. Townsend; B. K. LaPallo; C. B. Boulay; D. J. Krusienski; G. E. Frye; C. K. Hauser; N. E. Schwartz; T. M. Vaughan; J. R. Wolpaw; Eric W. Sellers

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030

A Novel P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Stimulus Presentation Paradigm: Moving Beyond Rows and Columns

G. Townsend, B. K. LaPallo, C. B. Boulay, D. J. Krusienski, G. E. Frye, C. K. Hauser, N. E. Schwartz, T. M. Vaughan, J. R. Wolpaw, Eric W. Sellers

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

<p> <h3> Objective </h3> <p id="x-x-simple-para0050"> An electroencephalographic brain–computer interface (BCI) can provide a non-muscular means of communication for people with <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis" title="Learn more about amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages"> amyotrophic lateral sclerosis </a> (ALS) or other <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neuromuscular-disease" title="Learn more about neuromuscular disorders from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages"> neuromuscular disorders </a> . We present a novel P300-based BCI stimulus presentation – the checkerboard paradigm (CBP). CBP performance is compared to that of the standard row/column paradigm (RCP) introduced by <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245710000738?via%3Dihub#bib9"> </a> Farwell and Donchin (1988). <h3> Methods </h3> <p id="x-x-simple-para0055"> Using an 8 × 9 matrix of alphanumeric characters and keyboard commands, 18 participants used the CBP and RCP in counter-balanced fashion. With approximately 9–12 min of calibration data, we used a stepwise linear <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/discriminant-analysis" title="Learn more about discriminant analysis from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages"> discriminant analysis </a> for online classification of subsequent data. <h3> Results </h3> <p id="x-x-simple-para0060"> Mean online accuracy was significantly higher for the CBP, 92%, than for the RCP, 77%. Correcting for extra selections due to errors, mean bit rate was also significantly higher for the CBP, 23 bits/min, than for the RCP, 17 bits/min. Moreover, the two paradigms produced significantly different waveforms. Initial tests with three advanced ALS participants produced similar results. Furthermore, these individuals preferred the CBP to the RCP. <h3> Conclusions </h3> <p id="x-x-simple-para0065"> These results suggest that the CBP is markedly superior to the RCP in performance and user acceptability. <h3> Significance </h3> <p id="x-x-simple-para0070"> The CBP has the potential to provide a substantially more effective BCI than the RCP. This is especially important for people with severe <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/neuromuscular" title="Learn more about neuromuscular from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages"> neuromuscular </a> disabilities. </p> </p> </p> </p> </p></p>

Original language	American English
Journal	Clinical Neurophysiology
Volume	121
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030
State	Published - Mar 26 2010

Keywords

brain-computer interface
brain-machine interface
EEG
P300
event-related potential
rehabilitation

Disciplines

Cognitive Psychology

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10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030License: CC BY

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030

Cite this

@article{9c973f6a532a4dec88c76a79c6f8407e,

title = "A Novel P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Stimulus Presentation Paradigm: Moving Beyond Rows and Columns",

abstract = " Objective An electroencephalographic brain\–computer interface (BCI) can provide a non-muscular means of communication for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or other neuromuscular disorders . We present a novel P300-based BCI stimulus presentation \– the checkerboard paradigm (CBP). CBP performance is compared to that of the standard row/column paradigm (RCP) introduced by Farwell and Donchin (1988). Methods Using an 8 \× 9 matrix of alphanumeric characters and keyboard commands, 18 participants used the CBP and RCP in counter-balanced fashion. With approximately 9\–12 min of calibration data, we used a stepwise linear discriminant analysis for online classification of subsequent data. Results Mean online accuracy was significantly higher for the CBP, 92\%, than for the RCP, 77\%. Correcting for extra selections due to errors, mean bit rate was also significantly higher for the CBP, 23 bits/min, than for the RCP, 17 bits/min. Moreover, the two paradigms produced significantly different waveforms. Initial tests with three advanced ALS participants produced similar results. Furthermore, these individuals preferred the CBP to the RCP. Conclusions These results suggest that the CBP is markedly superior to the RCP in performance and user acceptability. Significance The CBP has the potential to provide a substantially more effective BCI than the RCP. This is especially important for people with severe neuromuscular disabilities. ",

keywords = "brain-computer interface, brain-machine interface, EEG, P300, event-related potential, rehabilitation",

author = "G. Townsend and LaPallo, \{B. K.\} and Boulay, \{C. B.\} and Krusienski, \{D. J.\} and Frye, \{G. E.\} and Hauser, \{C. K.\} and Schwartz, \{N. E.\} and Vaughan, \{T. M.\} and Wolpaw, \{J. R.\} and Sellers, \{Eric W.\}",

year = "2010",

month = mar,

day = "26",

doi = "10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030",

language = "American English",

volume = "121",

journal = "Clinical Neurophysiology",

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T1 - A Novel P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Stimulus Presentation Paradigm: Moving Beyond Rows and Columns

AU - Townsend, G.

AU - LaPallo, B. K.

AU - Boulay, C. B.

AU - Krusienski, D. J.

AU - Frye, G. E.

AU - Hauser, C. K.

AU - Schwartz, N. E.

AU - Vaughan, T. M.

AU - Wolpaw, J. R.

AU - Sellers, Eric W.

PY - 2010/3/26

Y1 - 2010/3/26

N2 - Objective An electroencephalographic brain–computer interface (BCI) can provide a non-muscular means of communication for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or other neuromuscular disorders . We present a novel P300-based BCI stimulus presentation – the checkerboard paradigm (CBP). CBP performance is compared to that of the standard row/column paradigm (RCP) introduced by Farwell and Donchin (1988). Methods Using an 8 × 9 matrix of alphanumeric characters and keyboard commands, 18 participants used the CBP and RCP in counter-balanced fashion. With approximately 9–12 min of calibration data, we used a stepwise linear discriminant analysis for online classification of subsequent data. Results Mean online accuracy was significantly higher for the CBP, 92%, than for the RCP, 77%. Correcting for extra selections due to errors, mean bit rate was also significantly higher for the CBP, 23 bits/min, than for the RCP, 17 bits/min. Moreover, the two paradigms produced significantly different waveforms. Initial tests with three advanced ALS participants produced similar results. Furthermore, these individuals preferred the CBP to the RCP. Conclusions These results suggest that the CBP is markedly superior to the RCP in performance and user acceptability. Significance The CBP has the potential to provide a substantially more effective BCI than the RCP. This is especially important for people with severe neuromuscular disabilities.

AB - Objective An electroencephalographic brain–computer interface (BCI) can provide a non-muscular means of communication for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or other neuromuscular disorders . We present a novel P300-based BCI stimulus presentation – the checkerboard paradigm (CBP). CBP performance is compared to that of the standard row/column paradigm (RCP) introduced by Farwell and Donchin (1988). Methods Using an 8 × 9 matrix of alphanumeric characters and keyboard commands, 18 participants used the CBP and RCP in counter-balanced fashion. With approximately 9–12 min of calibration data, we used a stepwise linear discriminant analysis for online classification of subsequent data. Results Mean online accuracy was significantly higher for the CBP, 92%, than for the RCP, 77%. Correcting for extra selections due to errors, mean bit rate was also significantly higher for the CBP, 23 bits/min, than for the RCP, 17 bits/min. Moreover, the two paradigms produced significantly different waveforms. Initial tests with three advanced ALS participants produced similar results. Furthermore, these individuals preferred the CBP to the RCP. Conclusions These results suggest that the CBP is markedly superior to the RCP in performance and user acceptability. Significance The CBP has the potential to provide a substantially more effective BCI than the RCP. This is especially important for people with severe neuromuscular disabilities.

KW - brain-computer interface

KW - brain-machine interface

KW - EEG

KW - P300

KW - event-related potential

KW - rehabilitation

UR - https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works-2/889

UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030

UR - https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/16933

U2 - 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030

DO - 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.01.030

M3 - Article

VL - 121

JO - Clinical Neurophysiology

JF - Clinical Neurophysiology

ER -

A Novel P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Stimulus Presentation Paradigm: Moving Beyond Rows and Columns

Abstract

Keywords

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