TY - JOUR
T1 - Moniliophthora Perniciosa Produces Hormones and Alters Endogenous Auxin and Salicylic Acid in Infected Cocoa Leaves
AU - Kilaru, Aruna
AU - Bailey, Bryan A.
AU - Hasenstein, Karl H.
N1 - The basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa is a hemibiotroph and its biotrophic phase causes witches' broom disease (WBD) in Theobroma cacao, which decimates cocoa production. The biotrophic (primary) mycelium induces excessive and disorganized growth at the apices and causes the emergence of multiple shoot axes (the green brooms) from vegetative buds ( Baker & Holliday, 1957) and abnormal flower development ( Andebrhan, 1983).
PY - 2007/9/1
Y1 - 2007/9/1
N2 - Moniliophthora perniciosa is the causative agent of witches' broom disease in Theobroma cacao . Exogenously provided abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) promoted mycelial growth, suggesting the ability of the pathogen to metabolize plant hormones. ABA, IAA, JA, and SA were found endogenously in the mycelium and in the fruiting body of the pathogen. The pathogen contained high amounts of SA in the mycelium (0.5±0.04 µg g −1 DW) and IAA (2±0.6 µg g −1 DW) in the basidiocarps. Growth of the mycelium in the presence of host leaves for 10 days did not affect ABA or JA content of the leaves but IAA and SA increased 2.5- and 11-fold, respectively. The amounts of IAA and SA in infected leaves increased beyond the levels of the uninfected leaves and suggest a synergistic response to host–pathogen interaction. The ability of M. perniciosa to produce and sustain growth in the presence of elevated endogenous IAA and SA levels during colonization indicates that these phytohormones contribute to its pathogenicity.
AB - Moniliophthora perniciosa is the causative agent of witches' broom disease in Theobroma cacao . Exogenously provided abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) promoted mycelial growth, suggesting the ability of the pathogen to metabolize plant hormones. ABA, IAA, JA, and SA were found endogenously in the mycelium and in the fruiting body of the pathogen. The pathogen contained high amounts of SA in the mycelium (0.5±0.04 µg g −1 DW) and IAA (2±0.6 µg g −1 DW) in the basidiocarps. Growth of the mycelium in the presence of host leaves for 10 days did not affect ABA or JA content of the leaves but IAA and SA increased 2.5- and 11-fold, respectively. The amounts of IAA and SA in infected leaves increased beyond the levels of the uninfected leaves and suggest a synergistic response to host–pathogen interaction. The ability of M. perniciosa to produce and sustain growth in the presence of elevated endogenous IAA and SA levels during colonization indicates that these phytohormones contribute to its pathogenicity.
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00837.x
U2 - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00837.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00837.x
M3 - Article
VL - 274
JO - FEMS Microbiology Letters
JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters
ER -