The Effects of Temperature, Suspended Solids, and Organic Carbon on Copper Toxicity to Two Aquatic Invertebrates

Chad J. Boeckman; Joseph R. Bidwell

doi:10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3

The Effects of Temperature, Suspended Solids, and Organic Carbon on Copper Toxicity to Two Aquatic Invertebrates

Chad J. Boeckman
, Joseph R. Bidwell

Oklahoma State University - Stillwater

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

<div class="line" id="line-5"> Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of  Daphnia pulex , and the calanoid copepod,  Diaptomus clavipes , to a copper reference toxicant. Organisms were exposed to copper at 10, 20 and 30  &compfn; C in 48-h static renewal tests with a diluent of either reconstituted laboratory water or water from a wetland that had elevated levels of both suspended solids and organic carbon. 48-h LC 50  values were calculated for both total and free ion copper concentrations. When wetland water was used as the diluent, LC 50  values based on total copper concentrations were significantly greater than free ion LC 50 s for both species. This difference was not as great in laboratory water, indicating that binding of the metal was greater in the wetland diluent and the free ion was largely responsible for toxicity. While  D. clavipes  was significantly less sensitive to the metal than  D. pulex  (48-h LC 50  for total copper in laboratory water at 20  &compfn; C 607.4 μg/L vs. 10.7 μg/L, respectively), the copepod exhibited a much greater response to increasing temperature. When the Biotic Ligand Model was used to generate free ion concentrations, it was found that measured concentrations exceeded the predicted values at each test condition; however measured LC 50  values for  D. pulex  were within a factor of two of the predicted LC 50 's at all temperatures and in both diluents. </div>

Original language	American English
Journal	Water Air and Soil Pollution
Volume	171
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3
State	Published - Mar 15 2006
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

aquatic invertebrates
copper toxicity
organic carbon
suspended solids
temperature

Disciplines

Environmental Engineering
Environmental Chemistry

Access to Document

10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3License: Unspecified

Cite this

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title = "The Effects of Temperature, Suspended Solids, and Organic Carbon on Copper Toxicity to Two Aquatic Invertebrates",

abstract = " Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of\  Daphnia pulex , and the calanoid copepod,\  Diaptomus clavipes , to a copper reference toxicant. Organisms were exposed to copper at 10, 20 and 30\  \&compfn; C in 48-h static renewal tests with a diluent of either reconstituted laboratory water or water from a wetland that had elevated levels of both suspended solids and organic carbon. 48-h LC 50 \ values were calculated for both total and free ion copper concentrations. When wetland water was used as the diluent, LC 50 \ values based on total copper concentrations were significantly greater than free ion LC 50 s for both species. This difference was not as great in laboratory water, indicating that binding of the metal was greater in the wetland diluent and the free ion was largely responsible for toxicity. While\  D. clavipes \ was significantly less sensitive to the metal than\  D. pulex \ (48-h LC 50 \ for total copper in laboratory water at 20\  \&compfn; C 607.4 \μg/L vs. 10.7 \μg/L, respectively), the copepod exhibited a much greater response to increasing temperature. When the Biotic Ligand Model was used to generate free ion concentrations, it was found that measured concentrations exceeded the predicted values at each test condition; however measured LC 50 \ values for\  D. pulex \ were within a factor of two of the predicted LC 50 's at all temperatures and in both diluents. ",

keywords = "aquatic invertebrates, copper toxicity, organic carbon, suspended solids, temperature",

author = "Boeckman, \{Chad J.\} and Bidwell, \{Joseph R.\}",

note = "Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of Daphnia pulex, and the calanoid copepod, Diaptomus clavipes, to a copper reference toxicant.",

year = "2006",

month = mar,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3",

language = "American English",

volume = "171",

journal = "Water Air and Soil Pollution",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The Effects of Temperature, Suspended Solids, and Organic Carbon on Copper Toxicity to Two Aquatic Invertebrates

AU - Boeckman, Chad J.

AU - Bidwell, Joseph R.

N1 - Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of Daphnia pulex, and the calanoid copepod, Diaptomus clavipes, to a copper reference toxicant.

PY - 2006/3/15

Y1 - 2006/3/15

N2 - Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of  Daphnia pulex , and the calanoid copepod,  Diaptomus clavipes , to a copper reference toxicant. Organisms were exposed to copper at 10, 20 and 30  &compfn; C in 48-h static renewal tests with a diluent of either reconstituted laboratory water or water from a wetland that had elevated levels of both suspended solids and organic carbon. 48-h LC 50  values were calculated for both total and free ion copper concentrations. When wetland water was used as the diluent, LC 50  values based on total copper concentrations were significantly greater than free ion LC 50 s for both species. This difference was not as great in laboratory water, indicating that binding of the metal was greater in the wetland diluent and the free ion was largely responsible for toxicity. While  D. clavipes  was significantly less sensitive to the metal than  D. pulex  (48-h LC 50  for total copper in laboratory water at 20  &compfn; C 607.4 μg/L vs. 10.7 μg/L, respectively), the copepod exhibited a much greater response to increasing temperature. When the Biotic Ligand Model was used to generate free ion concentrations, it was found that measured concentrations exceeded the predicted values at each test condition; however measured LC 50  values for  D. pulex  were within a factor of two of the predicted LC 50 's at all temperatures and in both diluents.

AB - Ephemeral wetlands are characterized by temporal changes in abiotic characteristics that could ameliorate or exacerbate contaminant effects on resident species. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and naturally occurring suspended solids and organic carbon on the response of  Daphnia pulex , and the calanoid copepod,  Diaptomus clavipes , to a copper reference toxicant. Organisms were exposed to copper at 10, 20 and 30  &compfn; C in 48-h static renewal tests with a diluent of either reconstituted laboratory water or water from a wetland that had elevated levels of both suspended solids and organic carbon. 48-h LC 50  values were calculated for both total and free ion copper concentrations. When wetland water was used as the diluent, LC 50  values based on total copper concentrations were significantly greater than free ion LC 50 s for both species. This difference was not as great in laboratory water, indicating that binding of the metal was greater in the wetland diluent and the free ion was largely responsible for toxicity. While  D. clavipes  was significantly less sensitive to the metal than  D. pulex  (48-h LC 50  for total copper in laboratory water at 20  &compfn; C 607.4 μg/L vs. 10.7 μg/L, respectively), the copepod exhibited a much greater response to increasing temperature. When the Biotic Ligand Model was used to generate free ion concentrations, it was found that measured concentrations exceeded the predicted values at each test condition; however measured LC 50  values for  D. pulex  were within a factor of two of the predicted LC 50 's at all temperatures and in both diluents.

KW - aquatic invertebrates

KW - copper toxicity

KW - organic carbon

KW - suspended solids

KW - temperature

UR - http://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-9036-3

U2 - 10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3

DO - 10.1007/S11270-005-9036-3

M3 - Article

VL - 171

JO - Water Air and Soil Pollution

JF - Water Air and Soil Pollution

ER -

The Effects of Temperature, Suspended Solids, and Organic Carbon on Copper Toxicity to Two Aquatic Invertebrates

Abstract

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